Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani (MUDIMA) is dedicated to exploring and disseminating the results of various creative and innovative thoughts based on scientific research and thought processes. This Journal is a double blind review journal focus on the empirical research that provide novelty of the research with the latest issues and contributions to the scientific research. Formosa Publisher collaborates with: Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani (MUDIMA) has been widely indexed by: 1. Google Scholar , 2. Copernicus International (ICV 2023: 87.44) , 4. Open Aire 5. GARUDA , 6. ScienceGate 7. Directory of Research Journals Indexing , 8.SHERPA/Romeo , 9. RESEARCH BIBLE , 10. DIMENSIONS , 11. WorldCat , 12. SciLit , 13. CiteFactor, 14. Semantic Scholar , 15. Eurasian Scientific Journal Index , 16. IP Indexing 17. Root Indexing , 18. IUPUI Libraries , 19. Scite , 20. Neliti , 21. Advanced Sciences Index (ASI) , 22. Harvard Library , 23. IP Indexing 24. Indonesia OneSearch 25. Base (bielefeld academic search engine) 26. Fatcat , 27. Exaly, 28. Stanford Libraries, 29. Crossref, 30. Russel Sage College Library 31. Global Index For Continuing Resorces
Sustainability Analysis of Coral Reef Conservation-Based Ecotourism: Integration of Sasi Local Wisdom and the RAPFISH Approach (Case Study: Ur Pulau Village, Southeast Maluku)
Ur Pulau Village in Southeast Maluku has significant marine ecotourism potential thanks to its coral reef ecosystem, but faces the threat of degradation due to anthropogenic activities. This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of coral reef conservation-based ecotourism management in Ur Pulau Village multidimensionally. The research method uses a semi-quantitative approach with the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH) technique modified for ecotourism. The analysis was conducted on five dimensions of sustainability: (1) Ecology, (2) Economy, (3) Socio-Cultural, (4) Technology and Infrastructure, and (5) Law and Institutions. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, and observations of 38 key respondents consisting of the community, village government, tourism actors, and related agencies. The results of the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis show that the overall status of ecotourism management is in the Sustainable Category with an average index value of 60.56. The Legal and Institutional Dimension is the strongest dimension (67.93), which is supported by the ongoing local wisdom of Sasi. In contrast, the Technology and Infrastructure dimension is the weakest dimension (48.71) with a status of Less Sustainable. Leverage analysis identified the most sensitive attributes that need immediate attention, including coral damage due to poison/potash (ecology), high monitoring costs (economic), and low levels of education (social). This study confirms that Sasi local wisdom is a fundamental social capital, but long-term sustainability requires strategic interventions to strengthen environmentally friendly infrastructure and formalize customary institutions into village regulations
Copyright (c) 2026 Osin Eltina Rumheng, I Gede Astra Wesnawa, Gede Iwan Setiabudi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Optimizing Digital Content on Instagram to Enhance Brand Awareness of MSMEs Products in Kendari City
The expansion of digital communication technologies has fundamentally reshaped marketing practices, creating new opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to strengthen their market presence through social media platforms. Among these platforms, Instagram has become an influential marketing channel due to its visual orientation and interactive features that facilitate direct engagement between businesses and consumers. This study investigates the role of Instagram content optimization in enhancing the brand awareness of MSME products in Kendari City. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates quantitative survey data with qualitative insights obtained from in-depth interviews with MSME owners who actively utilize Instagram for business promotion. The analysis focuses on several content optimization dimensions, including the utilization of Reels, Stories, local hashtags, visual consistency, content quality, and audience engagement strategies. The findings reveal that strategic content optimization contributes significantly to increasing audience reach, strengthening consumer interaction, and improving brand recognition. Interactive content formats, particularly Reels and Stories, were found to generate higher levels of engagement, while the use of localized hashtags enhanced content visibility within relevant market segments. In addition, maintaining a consistent visual identity and employing storytelling-oriented communication practices were shown to reinforce consumer trust and facilitate stronger brand recall. These findings suggest that Instagram functions not merely as a promotional medium but also as a strategic communication platform capable of fostering long-term relationships between MSMEs and their audiences. The study contributes to the growing discourse on digital marketing and social media communication by providing practical insights for MSMEs seeking to improve their competitiveness in increasingly dynamic digital markets
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh. Zein Abdullah, Suryani Bunga Batara, Harnina Ridwan, Sarmadan, Syaifudin, Bakri Yusuf, Megawati Asrul Tawulo, Sulsalman Moita, Muhammad Arsyad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Dynamics of Cross-Country Planning and Budgeting Systems: A Comparative Study of Culture, Participation, and Strategy
This article examines the dynamics of cross-national planning and budgeting systems through a comparative study focusing on cultural aspects, public participation, and budgeting strategies. The study employed a qualitative approach with a literature review of five relevant scientific journals on public budgeting practices and organizations across various countries. The results indicate that budgeting systems have evolved from a traditional administrative approach to a more strategic, participatory, and performance-based approach. Various models such as PPBS, ZBB, and Participatory Budgeting have been implemented to improve the effectiveness, transparency, and accountability of public management. The study also found that national and organizational cultures influence budgeting practices, communication patterns, and decision-making within organizations. Countries with a collectivist and long-term orientation culture tend to implement more flexible and participatory budgeting systems than countries with an individualistic orientation. Furthermore, the development of digital technology encourages data-based budgeting and electronic participation, although it still faces challenges such as low fiscal literacy, limited access to information, and the digital divide.
Copyright (c) 2026 Iin Piani, Tobirin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Symbolic Meaning of Mbaba Belo Selambar in the Cultural Communication Activities of the Karo Tribe: A Comparative Study Among Muslims and Christians
This study aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning of Mbaba belo selambar in the cultural communication activities of the Karo tribe through a comparative study among Muslims and Christians. This study focuses on the meaning of Mbaba belo selambar among Muslims and Christians. The theory used is symbolic interactionism. The research method involved 4 (four) informants, consisting of a khatib, a village head, and community members, selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Mbaba belo selambar functions as a form of cultural communication intended to convey the purpose and intent of a traditional marriage proposal. Among Muslims and Christians, Mbaba belo selambar is interpreted similarly as a form of social bonding and interaction that strengthens ties between families
Copyright (c) 2026 Junedi Singarimbun, Pebi Indriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Effect of Using Volcanic Sand from Mount Soputan as a Substitute for Fine Aggregate in the Production of Bricks
Concrete blocks are a type of building unit shaped like bricks, made from a primary mix of Portland cement, water, and fine aggregate, used for wall construction. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of using volcanic sand from Mount Soputan as a substitute for fine aggregate on the water absorption and compressive strength of concrete blocks. Based on absorption tests at 28 days, high water absorption values were observed during immersion periods of 1, 5, 10, 30, 60 minutes, and 24 hours. The highest absorption value was found in normal concrete blocks at 1.30%, and with 20% volcanic sand addition at 1.16%. High water absorption is due to the larger pores in these concrete blocks compared to other variations. Conversely, the lowest water absorption was observed in the 30% volcanic sand variation at 0.80% and the 40% volcanic sand variation at 0.75%. According to the compressive strength test results, the highest compressive strength was found in the 40% volcanic sand mixture at 28 days, with a value of 250.95 kg/cm². Meanwhile, the lowest 28-day compressive strength among all mixtures was found in the normal concrete blocks, with a value of 164.50 kg/cm². Among the volcanic sand mixtures, the lowest 28-day compressive strength was found in the 20% volcanic sand variation, with a value of 176.82 kg/cm². Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of volcanic sand as a partial substitute for fine aggregate affects the compressive strength of concrete blocks, with the 40% substitution level giving the best performance in this study.Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of volcanic sand in the production of concrete blocks significantly affects their compressive strength
Copyright (c) 2026 Syanne Pangemanan, Josep A. J. Sumajouw, Don R. G. Kabo, Barakati K. Manginsihi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Profit-and-Loss Sharing Principle in Islamic Economics: Concepts, Implementation, and Challenges in Mudharabah and Musyarakah Contracts
The Islamic financial landscape faces a persistent "PLS Paradox" characterized by a structurally depressed portfolio of profit-and-loss sharing partnerships amid the dominance of debt-like synthetic instruments. This systematic mapping study (SMS) deconstructs the institutional barriers that perpetuate the marginalization of Mudharabah and Musyarakah contracts and formulates financial technology integration strategies as a mitigation mechanism for agency risk. To achieve this objective, the study executed a structured Systematic Mapping protocol to categorically chart the global research landscape. Article retrieval was sourced from the Scopus database and the Watase Uake system to eliminate the risk of predatory journal inclusion. A rigorous screening process yielded 57 cross-national peer-reviewed articles (2016–2026), which were analyzed using a hybrid approach combining qualitative thematic analysis and bibliometric visualization of keyword co-occurrence via VOSviewer. The network visualization and thematic synthesis reveal that Islamic banks engage in defensive adaptation by shifting risks (risk-transfer) toward Murabahah contracts. This maneuver is triggered by acute information asymmetry in emerging markets, which breeds moral hazard in the form of profit underreporting, thereby skyrocketing monitoring costs. These micro-level frictions are further exacerbated by Basel III regulations that impose high equity risk-weightings (300%–400%) on PLS portfolios. Intriguingly, the findings confirm that Sharia Fintech integration—specifically blockchain, smart contracts, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven credit scoring—can radically curtail operational transaction costs by providing real-time cash flow transparency.This study concludes with the necessity of reconceptualizing Sharia compliance from mere formal contractual validity (legal form) toward the economic substance of risk-sharing. Consequently, monetary authorities are urged to restructure macroprudential risk-weighting incentives for digitally enabled profit-sharing instruments. Future research should empirically validate the "Risk-Sharing Stability Theory" using mixed-methods to quantify blockchain efficiency in cross-border SME financing.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agus Supriatna, Euis Amalia, Desmadi Saharuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Uncertainty in Land Rights for Non-Public Cemeteries
This article examines the legal determination of land rights over non-public cemeteries managed by religious and social legal entities in Indonesia. The issue arises from the ambiguity and inconsistency of norms concerning whether non-public cemetery land may be granted Right of Use, Waqf-owned Right of Ownership, or Right of Ownership for religious and social bodies. This research uses normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research by examining agrarian law, land registration regulations, regulations on cemetery land, and legal doctrines concerning legal certainty, land rights, property law, and administrative decisions. The findings show that the regulation of land rights over non-public cemeteries contains vague norms and disharmony between Government Regulation Number 9 of 1987 and Government Regulation Number 38 of 1963. The study concludes that granting ownership rights to religious and social bodies may provide legal certainty and protection for organizational assets, but its use must remain limited to cemetery purposes and the social function of land
Copyright (c) 2026 Zakaria Putra Arifian, Milda Istiqomah, Hendarto Hadisuryo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Control of Materials and Costs for Ready-Mix Concrete Using the Material Requirements Planning Method
One of the stages that must be completed before implementing a construction project is the planning stage. Planning for construction project material requirements is a critical component, as material resources constitute one of the largest components of total project costs, alongside equipment, labor, and work methods. This study aims to optimize the control of materials and ready-mix concrete costs in the Solo Raya Tourism Polytechnic construction project using the Material Requirements Planning (MRP) method. This method assists in efficient material requirements planning, minimizes waste, and improves overall project performance. Based on the results of material requirement calculations conducted for the Solo Raya Tourism Polytechnic construction project, it was found that the most appropriate material ordering method among several Lot Sizing methods is the Lot-for-Lot Method, which yields the lowest operational cost of Rp29,580,000. 00, compared to the Part Period Balancing Method at Rp38,238,205.00 and the Least Unit Cost Method at Rp56,442,800.00
Copyright (c) 2026 Trio Pendekar Lonan, Daisy D. G. Pangemanan, Estrellita V. Y. Waney, Nixon Mantiri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Correlation Between Religiosity and Welfare in TNI Families
This study aims to explore the correlation between religiosity and well-being in Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) families, as well as to identify the factors that influence this relationship. Using a quantitative approach with a correlational design, data were collected from secondary sources such as scientific journals, research reports, and relevant online databases. The results indicate a significant positive correlation between religiosity and well-being in TNI families. All three dimensions of religiosity—religious beliefs, religious behavior, and religious experiences—show a positive correlation with well-being. Regression analysis revealed that age, educational level, marital status, and military rank are factors that significantly predict levels of religiosity and well-being in military families. These findings underscore the importance of religiosity as a resource for military families in coping with unique challenges and pressures. This study offers practical implications for designing programs and interventions that incorporate religious or spiritual components in efforts to improve the well-being of military families
Copyright (c) 2026 Steven S. N. Rogahang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Justice Over Growth: A Maqasid-Based Reassessment of Neoliberal and Socialist Climate Policies
Purpose: This study examines how Maqasid al-Sharia serves as an ethical lens to evaluate and compare neoliberal and socialist economic models under climate change, aiming to map the scientific landscape, address structural gaps, and challenge growth-centric assumptions. Design/methodology/approach: The study conducts a hybrid evaluation combining a bibliometric literature mapping approach with an integrated evidence synthesis leveraging the PICOS framework for study selection. Following comprehensive searches across Scopus and Web of Science, 690 initial records were screened through co-occurrence and citation networks, resulting in the final inclusion of one empirical study matching the rigorous PICOS criteria. Qualitative approaches dominate the mapped landscape (82%), while empirical mixed-methods designs are completely absent. Practical implications: The findings reveal a striking empirical scarcity, identifying only one qualitative study—a Maqasid-adjusted scorecard for Indonesia's energy transition. Four major structural gaps are highlighted: a lack of comparative empirical evaluations using a consistent scorecard, missing empirical validation for Maqasid indicators, an underrepresentation of affective and conative justice, and a heavy geographical concentration in a few Muslim-majority countries. Consequently, future research must prioritize mixed-methods designs, comparative case studies, and geographical expansion to Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Eastern Europe. Originality/value: This research offers unique value by presenting a novel classification matrix integrating cognitive, affective, and conative justice components alongside a bibliometrically derived research agenda. It demonstrates that Maqasid al-Sharia provides a holistic, multidimensional, yet severely underutilized framework for assessing intergenerational and ecological justice beyond conventional Western-centric critiques
Copyright (c) 2026 Agustin Windianingsih, Euis Amalia, Desmadi Saharuddin, Mulki Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Effectiveness of Law Enforcement for Traffic Violators Through E-Tickets
Traffic violations often occur, the cause is the driver does not comply with the applicable regulations, so that many accidents occur and cause victims to both the driver and other people. This is a problem that must be resolved by the police. e-ticket is one way to solve these problems. Including to prevent extortion practices that are often carried out by irresponsible individuals. In this paper The normative juridical research approach is employed by the author, namely by looking at based on secondary or library resources and / or research that limits the existing norms in statutory regulations, namely Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Highway Regulations pertaining to traffic and transportation. Efforts made are through outreach and direct action to the offender. Thus it is hoped that there will be no violations that cause accidents and cause casualties
Copyright (c) 2026 Suko Prayitno, Erma Hari Alijana, Asih Susilowati, Ifa Latifa, Heru Riyadi, Ilhamsyah Lubis, Ayni Suwarni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Code-Based Superstructure Safety Evaluation and Serviceability Margin Assessment of the North Minahasa District Government Library Construction Project
This study evaluates the safety and serviceability performance of the superstructure of the North Minahasa District Government Library building using a code-based numerical analysis approach. The reviewer concern regarding research gap and novelty was addressed by shifting the paper from a simple reinforcement calculation report into an integrated assessment of load classification, ETABS modeling, drift control, and demand-capacity margin interpretation. Primary data consisted of site observation and verification of building information, while secondary data consisted of working drawings, material specifications, response spectrum parameters, and Indonesian structural design standards. The structure was modeled using ETABS, and the outputs were interpreted through inter-story drift checks, internal force demand, and reinforcement capacity verification for beams, columns, and slabs. The results show that the maximum X-direction drift utilization is 40.56% of the allowable limit and the maximum Y-direction drift utilization is 41.45% of the allowable limit. Beam B1 has flexural and shear demand-capacity ratios of 0.63 and 0.41, while Beam BK1 has ratios of 0.45 and 0.26. Column K1 has a shear demand-capacity ratio of 0.74, whereas Column K2 reaches 1.00 and is therefore identified as the governing member that requires strict detailing and construction quality control. The study concludes that the superstructure satisfies the evaluated code-based requirements, but further research should include nonlinear seismic analysis, material testing, as-built survey verification, and soil-structure interaction modeling
Copyright (c) 2026 Josef Arnoldus Johni Sumajouw, Wellem Toad, Mario Marthen Luther Moningka, Novriana Amelia Pangemanan, Merci Freki Hosang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Harmonization Model of Customary Law and State Law in Settlement of Inheritance Disputes in Lombok and Its Implications for Legal Development
This study aims to analyze models for harmonizing customary law and state law in the resolution of inheritance disputes in Lombok, as well as their implications for national legal development. The Sasak community in Lombok still maintains various mechanisms for resolving inheritance disputes based on customary law—such as family deliberation (musyawarah keluarga), belembah, bebande, and assulhu—which coexist alongside state law and Islamic law. This situation reflects a legal pluralism that requires harmonization to ensure legal certainty, justice, and the public good. This study employs an empirical or non-doctrinal legal method (socio-legal research) using a normative-empirical legal approach. Legal data were collected through literature reviews, interviews, and documentation, which were subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The research findings indicate that the harmonization model developed in Lombok is integrative and collaborative, achieved through recognition of customary dispute resolution mechanisms that remain within the framework of national law. Harmonization is carried out through customary deliberations, mediation by customary and religious leaders, and the strengthening of the role of state institutions as a means of resolution when customary mechanisms fail to reach an agreement. This model is capable of preserving the values of local wisdom while ensuring the protection of the rights of the disputing parties. The implication of this harmonization for national legal development is to strengthen the recognition of the regarding customary law as a living law, promoting the development of laws that are responsive to the needs of the community, and supporting the realization of a national legal system that is just and based on legal pluralism
Copyright (c) 2026 Haeratun, Sri Hariati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Feasibility Level and Strategy of Meliponiculture Development as an Educational Tourism Attraction in Sigar Penjalin Village, North Lombok
Eduwisata is a recreational facility as well as an interactive learning medium for the community. This study aims to analyze the level of feasibility, identify internal and external factors, and determine the strategy for the development of meliponiculture edutourism in Sigar Penjalin Village, North Lombok. The research was conducted from March to April 2026. The level of feasibility was analyzed based on respondents' perception of the 4A aspect (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, and Ancillary Services). The respondents consisted of 41 primary and secondary school teachers. Internal and external factors were identified based on the results of the Focus Group Discussion involving 5 stakeholders, namely non-governmental groups, farmer women's groups, and village heads. The development strategy is determined using a SWOT Analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the average percentage value of all indicators was 82%, which means that meliponiculture is very suitable as an education. The results of the identification of internal factors obtained 9 strengths and 4 weaknesses, and external factors obtained 9 opportunities, and 5 threats. A development strategy that can be applied is the ST (Strength–Threats) strategy by utilizing the strengths possessed to deal with external threats
Copyright (c) 2026 Aldian Safputra Pratama, Endah Wahyuningsih , Muhamad Husni Idris https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Behavior and Exposure to Molding Materials on the Incidence of Occupational Diseases in the Concrete Industry in North Sumatra
Irritant contact dermatitis is one of the most common occupational diseases among concrete industry workers due to exposure to irritants during the production process. This study aims to analyze the influence of personal hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and exposure to molding materials on the incidence of irritant contact dermatitis among workers. The study employed a quantitative, cross-sectional design involving 60 workers selected using total sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected via a questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 55% of workers had irritant contact dermatitis, 58.3% had good personal hygiene, 98.3% used PPE properly, and 51.7% had high exposure to molding materials. Bivariate analysis showed that personal hygiene (p=0.025) and exposure to printing materials (p=0.010) were significantly associated with the incidence of irritant contact dermatitis, whereas the use of PPE was not significantly associated (p=0.326). Multivariate analysis showed that exposure to printing materials was the most dominant factor (p=0.014; OR=4.135; 95% CI=1.331–12.845). It was concluded that personal hygiene and exposure to printing materials are associated with the incidence of irritant contact dermatitis, with exposure to printing materials being the dominant factor
Copyright (c) 2026 Rini Hari Sandy Br Sembiring, Umi Salmah, Arfah Mardiana Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Evaluation of Community Forest Performance in Sesaot Village, West Lombok Regency
This study aims to evaluate the performance of Community Forest management (CF) in Sesaot Village and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. The evaluation was conducted based on four aspects: administration, ecology, social and economic, referring to the indicators of Ministerial Regulation of the Environment and Forestry No. 9 year of 2021. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and document review, while analysis used quantitative scoring and qualitative analysis. The results showed that the performance of CF in Sesaot was in the High category with a total score of 161 out of 270. The ecological and social aspects were in the Medium category, characterized by maintained forest cover, good agroforestry implementation, effective area protection, and increased income and changes in community behavior. However, the administrative and economic aspects remained low due to the loss of management plan documents, weak business institutions, and the underutilization of environmental services. The main supporting factors came from stable ecological conditions and community participation, while obstacles included weak administration, minimal conservation, low female participation, and suboptimal business development. Overall, the management of CF in Sesaot was quite good but required administrative and economic strengthening to achieve sustainability
Copyright (c) 2026 Irman Soviyan, Markum , Febriana Tri Wulandari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Social Media Exposure in Shaping the Communication Patterns of 3rd Grade Children at State Elementary School 106238 Serbananti Village, Sipispis District, Serdang Begadai Regency
Media exposure is an activity of listening, seeing, and reading media messages and experiencing experience and attention to these messages. The social media that is currently in demand by Indonesian people of various ages is TikTok. This research was conducted to explain how social media exposure shapes the communication pattern of 3rd-grade children of SD Negeri 106238 Serbananti Village, Sipispis District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This research employs a selected qualitative research methodology with the aim of gaining a better understanding and providing an in-depth description of the topic under investigation. The selection of informants in this research was conducted using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 12 primary informants who were third-grade students at SD Negeri 106238 in Serbananti Village. To enhance the validity of the research data by broadening perspectives, this research also involved additional informants, including student guardians, homeroom teachers, and a psychologist relevant to the research topic. The results of this research show that media exposure among 3rd grade students at SD Negeri 106238 in Serbananti Village occurs in children who use mobile phone for 30 minutes to more than 1 hour, with varying frequencies and levels of attention. Exposure to social media in 3rd grade students of SD Negeri 106238 occurs because of the provision of access to the use of mobile phones from their parents or guardians without being accompanied by regular supervision, the communication patterns carried out by 3rd grade children of SD Negeri 106238 have different characteristics in each situation or condition, The communication patternsof these children tend to shift from one individual to another, eventually spreading throughout the group, children tend to carry out linear communication patterns in imitating peers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Febri Ichwan Butsi, Eka Mawarni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Legal Analysis of the Impeachment Mechanism of Regional Heads Based on Law Number 23 of 2014 Concerning Regional Government
Many people understand impeachment to mean the removal, termination, or dismissal of a president or high-ranking official from office. In fact, the term “impeachment” itself refers to an accusation or charge; thus, the process of impeachment focuses more on the proceedings themselves and does not necessarily result in the removal or termination of a president or other high-ranking state official from office. In the practice of impeachment carried out in various countries, there have been only a few impeachment processes that have resulted in the removal of a head of state. One such case involved the President of Lithuania, Rolandas Paskas, where the impeachment process culminated in Paskas’s removal on April 6, 2004. In the United States, there have been several impeachment proceedings against Presidents, such as those involving Andrew Johnson, Richard Nixon, and most recently, William Clinton. However, none of the impeachment charges brought in the United States resulted in the President’s removal from office. In the case of Richard Nixon, he resigned while the impeachment process was underway, so a final decision on the impeachment was never reached. There are at least three points of interest in examining the topic of impeachment. First is the subject of impeachment; second, the grounds for impeachment; and finally, the mechanism of impeachment. Each country that has adopted provisions regarding impeachment regulates these matters differently, in accordance with its constitutional provisions. The subject of impeachment charges is not limited to national leaders, such as the President or Prime Minister, but also includes high-ranking state officials.The impeachment of regional heads is a constitutional mechanism aimed at maintaining the integrity, accountability, and morality of local government officials. This study aims to conduct a legal analysis of the mechanism for impeaching regional heads as stipulated in Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government, as well as to assess the effectiveness of its implementation within the Indonesian constitutional framework. The research method used is a normative legal approach by examining legislation, legal doctrine, and court decisions relevant to the impeachment of regional heads.The research results indicate that the mechanism for the impeachment of regional heads in Law No. 23 of 2014 provides for the involvement of the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD), the Supreme Court, and the President in the process of removing regional heads from office. However, in practice, the implementation of these provisions often faces obstacles in the form of political intervention, procedural ambiguity, and weak oversight
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Arief Widyanto, Dauman , Eliana , Reni Suryani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Analysis of Cognitive Performance and Pragmatic Accuracy of Prospective Mandarin Teachers in an Immersive Virtual Classroom Discourse Simulation
The growing demand for Mandarin language teachers requires teacher education programs to develop not only linguistic proficiency but also pragmatic competence and cognitive readiness for authentic classroom interaction. This study investigates the cognitive performance and pragmatic accuracy of prospective Mandarin teachers participating in an immersive virtual classroom discourse simulation. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design was employed involving undergraduate students in a Mandarin Language Education program at Widya Kartika University. Cognitive performance was assessed through executive function measures, including the Stroop task and task-switching paradigm, while perceived cognitive load was measured using the NASA Task Load Index. The virtual classroom simulation was conducted through a Zoom-based teaching scenario designed to replicate authentic classroom communication. Results indicated approximately a 25% improvement in cognitive and pragmatic performance following the intervention. Correlational analysis further revealed a positive relationship between cognitive load indicators and pragmatic accuracy outcomes. These findings suggest that immersive virtual classroom simulations can effectively enhance both executive functioning and pragmatic competence among prospective Mandarin teachers. The study highlights the importance of integrating cognitive and communicative dimensions into language teacher education to better prepare future teachers for the demands of real classroom discourse
Copyright (c) 2026 Minny Elisa Yanggah, Yulius Hari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Patterns of Verbal Violence in School Environments: An Ethnographic Study of Communication in Annur Junior High School in Tanjung Morawa
This study is motivated by the prevalence of verbal violence in schools, which has become habitual in students' daily social interactions. survey data indicates that 87.6% of bullying victims identified verbal violence as the most frequent yet least reported form. This study aims to examine how patterns of verbal violence are formed and sustained at Annur Junior High School Tanjung Morawa using Dell Hymes' SPEAKING model. A qualitative method with a communication ethnography approach was employed, collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews with five informants (three students and two teachers), and documentation. Findings reveal that verbal violence most commonly occurs in classrooms, the canteen, schoolyard, and hallways, particularly during recess. Perpetrators and victims typically belong to the same peer group, blurring the boundary between joking and verbal violence. Dominant forms include profanity, physical mockery, sarcasm, and family-targeted insults, occurring both face-to-face and through digital media. This study concludes that verbal violence at Annur Junior High School is not merely individual behavior but has developed into a systemic social communication pattern shaped by peer culture, family background, and social media exposure
Copyright (c) 2026 Zakaria Siregar, Shanna Aulia Windri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Time and Cost Control Using the Earned Value Method in the Construction of the Minut District Government Library Building
Controlling project time and cost is a critical aspect of project management to ensure that a project is completed on time and within budget. The objective of this research is to determine the costs of three earned value indicators: BCWS, BCWP, and ACWP, and to estimate the required costs and time needed to complete the project. The method used in this research is the earned value method, which integrates cost, time, and physical work performance. In this study, the calculation of the budget plan (RAB) and the creation of the S-Curve are crucial initial steps. The RAB calculation and S-Curve creation resulted in a value of IDR 9,474,695,098 for a duration of 32 weeks. However, based on the EVM observations, the predicted total cost of project completion is IDR 8,098,723,371.01. The difference between the two calculations is IDR 1,375,971,726.49. Additionally, the weight and duration calculations on the S-Curve indicate a project duration of 32 weeks, which aligns with the EVM results showing a project completion time of 32 weeks, consistent with the planned schedule
Copyright (c) 2026 Sherley Runtunuwu, Sudenroy Mentang, Dewi Astuti Baco, John T. Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Husband's Infatuity Through Social Media as a Reason for Divorce According to the Perspective of Islamic Law, Marriage Law and Protection of Women's Rights
Advances in information technology and social media have brought about changes in the patterns of social relationships within society, including in family life. One of the resulting impacts is an increase in cases of infidelity committed through social media, which often leads to divorce. Digital infidelity not only causes conflict and marital breakdown but also raises legal issues regarding its status as grounds for divorce and the use of electronic evidence in court proceedings. This study aims to analyze the status of a husband’s infidelity via social media as grounds for divorce from the perspectives of Islamic law and Indonesian marriage law, as well as to examine the probative value of electronic evidence and the forms of legal protection available to women as victims of infidelity. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case-based approach. The legal sources used consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, which were analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that infidelity via social media constitutes a violation of the principle of fidelity in marriage, which is contrary to Islamic law and the purpose of marriage. Under Indonesian marriage law, digital infidelity can be grounds for divorce if it causes continuous disputes and arguments. Electronic evidence is considered admissible under the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions and may be used in divorce cases provided it meets the requirements for admissibility. Women who are victims of infidelity are entitled to legal protection in the form of the right to file for divorce, alimony, child custody, and protection of their economic and psychological rights
A Conceptual Framework for Condition and Maintenance Risk Indicators for Educational Buildings
Educational buildings require systematic maintenance to remain safe, functional, comfortable, and supportive of learning services. Reactive maintenance practices often make repair priorities depend on user complaints or visually obvious defects rather than on the relationship between actual condition and the risk of delayed action. This article aims to develop a conceptual framework of condition and maintenance risk indicators for educational buildings as a basis for maintenance prioritization instruments. The method used is a conceptual review through the synthesis of literature on building condition assessment, facility management, risk-based maintenance, building maintenance regulations, and the operational context of educational facilities. The review produces two main constructs: building condition indicators and maintenance risk indicators. Condition indicators cover structural, architectural, roof, drainage, MEP, sanitation, safety, and space-function elements. Risk indicators cover safety, educational function, cost, comfort/health, operation, and institutional reputation. The integration of these constructs results in a conceptual condition-risk matrix to support maintenance priority decisions. This framework is important as a basis for developing visual inspection instruments, risk scoring, and maintenance prioritization models for educational buildings
Copyright (c) 2026 Geertje Efraty Kandiyoh, Sandri Linna Sengkey, Reiner W. Tampi, Sherley Runtunuwu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Structural Performance of a 10-Story Building Using SeismoStruct Software
The building is a high-rise building with a complex structure that requires special attention in structural design and evaluation. This research focuses on evaluating the structural performance of a 10-story building using SeismoStruct software. The aim of the research is to assess the ability of buildings to withstand earthquake loads. This evaluation was conducted based on ASCE 41-17 for Basic Performance Objectives for Existing Buildings (BPOE), which includes various risk categories and structural and nonstructural performance criteria, using the ASCE 41-17 standard published by the American Society of Civil Engineers to regulate seismic evaluations. and repairs to existing buildings. ASCE 41-17 is a standard published by the American Society of Civil Engineers governing seismic evaluation and repair evaluation of existing buildings. The evaluation process is based on secondary data in the form of asbuilt-drawing which is used as 3D structural modeling in the SeismoStruct program. The modeling stage involves creating a 3D model, determining reinforced concrete materials, cross-sectional design of structural elements, and non-linear static analysis. The evaluation results show that the target displacement in the building can be achieved well when facing BSE-1E and BSE-2E spectral earthquakes. Recommendations include regular maintenance and regular monitoring to ensure safe future performance of the structure
Copyright (c) 2026 Rudolf E. P. Mait, Carter D. E. Kandou, Olivia Moningka, Fandel Maluw https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Low-Cost Digital Marketing Strategy: A Qualitative Study on Fazia Beauty Metro Lampung
This study aims to analyze low-budget digital marketing strategies implemented by Fazia Beauty in Metro City, Lampung. This research employed a qualitative approach using a qualitative survey method and a case study design. The informants consisted of 12 participants, including the owner, two employees, four long-term consumers, three new consumers, one prospective consumer/follower, and one university practitioner in marketing or entrepreneurship. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, open-ended surveys, Instagram and WhatsApp Business observations, documentation, and literature review. The data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, verification, and thematic analysis. The findings show that Fazia Beauty uses Instagram for promotion, education, testimonials, and awareness, while WhatsApp Business plays a stronger role in consultation, follow-up, ordering, and repeat purchases. Relevant low-budget strategies include organic content, product education, authentic testimonials, word of mouth, referrals, storytelling, customer communities, content calendars, basic bundling, and customer retention. These strategies have the potential to support consumer trust and sales opportunities, but their effectiveness needs to be tested through consistent implementation
Copyright (c) 2026 Denny Kurniawan, Sastya Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Tracing Geometry in Bagan Boats: An Ethnomathematical Exploration of Traditional Fishing Gear in the Coastal Community of Barru
This study aims to explore the geometric elements found in the traditional fishing gear known as the bagan boat, used by the coastal community of Barru, from an ethnomathematical perspective. This study is based on the view that mathematics is not only present in formal forms in the classroom but is also embedded in cultural practices and community life activities. This research employed an exploratory qualitative approach with an ethnomathematical perspective. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and field notes on the shape, structure, size, frame arrangement, ropes, poles, nets, and other components of the bagang. The results of the study show that the structure of the bagan boat contains various geometric concepts, including parallel lines, perpendicular lines, intersecting lines, angles, triangles, rectangles, symmetry, area, perimeter, diagonals, proportional measurements, scale, and similarity. These findings indicate that the coastal fishing community of Barru has indirectly applied mathematical knowledge in designing, constructing, and using the bagang based on empirical experience and local wisdom. The bagang does not only function as a fishing tool but also represents cultural intelligence that contains mathematical, technical, social, and ecological values. Therefore, the findings of this study have the potential to be integrated into mathematics learning, particularly in geometry, as a contextual learning resource that is closely related to students’ lives and can foster appreciation for local culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mulyati, Nely Salu Padang, Fitri Arniati, Miftahul Janna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Safety Climate as a Determinant of Occupational Safety Performance among Rambutan Palm Oil Mill Workers
Occupational safety performance is a reflection of workers' actual behavior in maintaining workplace safety in order to create a decent working environment that aligns with the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The palm oil mill processing industry has a high risk of accidents due to the intensive interaction of workers with high-temperature and high-pressure machine operations. This study aims to analyze the influence of occupational safety climate including management commitment, safety communication, safety practices, and safety training on safety performance among workers. This study used a quantitative with cross-sectional design. The study population was 137 workers with a sample of 88 workers selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used the chi-square test and binary logistic regression. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence between management commitment (ρ = 0.036), safety communication (ρ = 0.002), safety practices (ρ = 0.001), and safety training (ρ = <0.001) on worker safety performance, while for the results of binary logistic regression it was found that safety training is the most dominant factor influencing safety performance with a value (ρ = 0.003; OR = 4.575). The conclusion of this study was that there was an influence between management commitment, communication, safety practices and training on worker safety performance, with the most dominant determinant being safety communication to workers
Copyright (c) 2026 Thalia Ika Putri Siregar, Umi Salmah, Eka Lestari Mahyuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Serviceability Margin and Foundation Reserve Assessment of a Reinforced Concrete Airport Terminal Structure in Bolaang Mongondow, Indonesia
This paper presents a serviceability-centered reappraisal of a reinforced concrete airport terminal structure in Bolaang Mongondow, Indonesia. Unlike the earlier design-oriented report that mainly documented member reinforcement and general structural safety, this study focuses on the location and magnitude of performance margins after design. Secondary structural outputs from an ETABS v.21 model, response spectrum parameters, wind pressure results, bored-pile bearing capacity, and settlement estimates were reorganized into demand-capacity ratios. Inter-story drift, bored-pile bearing, and foundation settlement were selected as the primary observation variables because they directly indicate serviceability, reserve capacity, and potential operational risk for a public terminal building. The analysis shows that the upper story drift is the controlling serviceability indicator. The maximum drift demand in both X and Y directions reaches 29.04 mm against an allowable value of 30.00 mm, producing a demand-capacity ratio of 0.968 and leaving only 3.2% residual drift margin. In contrast, the bored-pile foundation still has a bearing-capacity demand ratio of 0.715, equivalent to a capacity reserve of about 39.8% relative to the applied maximum axial demand. The estimated pile settlement of 4.956 mm corresponds to only 19.5% of the 25.4 mm serviceability limit. These findings indicate that the foundation response is not the controlling issue; instead, construction tolerance, diaphragm action, cladding connection, and nonstructural components at the upper level deserve closer post-design verification. The proposed reserve-based reading provides a practical quality-control layer for airport terminal structures located in seismic regions
Copyright (c) 2026 Franky R. Tombokan, Don R. G. Kabo, Herman Alfis Tumengkol, Noldie E. Kondoj, Dwars Soukotta, Nixon Mantiri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Career Path, Education-Training, Motivation, and Nurse Performance
This study analyzes how career path and education-training influence the performance of civil-servant nurses through work motivation at Bali Mandara Eye Hospital. A quantitative cross-sectional explanatory survey involved all 101 civil-servant nurses selected through a census technique. Data were collected using a validated Likert-scale questionnaire and supported by interviews, observation, and aggregate performance documentation. PLS-SEM showed that career path and education-training significantly improved work motivation, and work motivation significantly improved nurse performance. Direct effects on performance were not significant. Work motivation functioned as a full mediator, implying that career and training programs improve performance when they create appreciation, commitment, and professional motivation
Copyright (c) 2026 Ida Ayu Gede Oktarini, I Ketut Sutapa, Saortua Marbun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0