Antibacterial Activity and Clinical Potential of Rosella Flowers (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Against Escherichia Coli ATCC

Dian Fitri Chairunnisa; Ratna Ika Yusuf

doi:10.55927/mudima.v6i4.31

Authors

Dian Fitri Chairunnisa Universitas Indonesia Maju
Ratna Ika Yusuf Universitas Indonesia Maju

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55927/mudima.v6i4.31

Keywords:

Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Escherichia Coli, Adjuvant Therapy

Abstract

Secondary metabolites found in rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) include alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which may have antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. The purpose of this study is to determine whether rosella flower extracts and fractions have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and to evaluate their potential uses in clinical pharmacy. The maceration method with 96% ethanol was used for extraction, and n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water were used as solvents for fractionation. To find the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), antibacterial activity testing was carried out utilizing the disk diffusion and dilution procedures. With an inhibitory zone diameter of 16.5 mm and an MBC value of 25 mg/mL against E, the water fraction was found to be the most active. The maceration method with 96% ethanol was used for extraction, and n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water were used as solvents for fractionation. To find the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), antibacterial activity testing was carried out utilizing the disk diffusion and dilution procedures. With an inhibitory zone diameter of 16.5 mm and an MBC value of 25 mg/mL against E. coli, the water fraction was found to be the most active. It is believed that the antibacterial mechanism of action involves harm to the bacterial cell membrane and cell wall, which increases permeability and causes cell death. Clinically, the water fraction of rosella flowers has the potential to be developed as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly those involving biofilm formation such as urinary tract infections. The mechanism of increased bacterial membrane permeability has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. However, the flavonoid content in rosella may also potentially affect drug-metabolizing enzymes and cause drug interactions, particularly with antibiotics and antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, although it shows promising antibacterial activity in vitro, further research is needed to evaluate its pharmacokinetic aspects, safety, drug interactions, and clinical efficacy before it is applied in clinical practice

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